基于LQR的直流电动机速度控制系统的设计

摘  要

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直流电动机具有良好的起制动性能，易于在广泛范围内平滑调速，在需要高性能可控电力拖动的领域中得到了广泛的应用。直流拖动控制系统在理论上和实践上都比较成熟，它是交流拖动控制系统的基础，所以首先应该掌握直流系统。
   从生产机械要求控制的物理量来看，电力拖动自动控制系统有调速系统，位置随动系统，张力控制系统，多电动机同步控制系统等多种类型，而各种系统往往都是通过控制转速来实现的，因而调速系统是最基本的拖动控制系统。在许多生产机械中，常要求电动机既能正反转，又能快速制动，需要四象限运行的特性，此时必须采用可逆调速系统。
     本文介绍了逻辑无环流可逆直流调速系统的基本原理及其构成，并对其控制电路进行了计算和设计。运用了一种基于Matlab的Simulink和Power System工具箱、面向系统电气原理结构图的仿真新方法，实现了转速电流双闭环逻辑无环流直流可逆调速系统的建模与仿真。重点介绍了无环流逻辑切换装置及其建模，给出了直流可逆调速系统的仿真模型和仿真结果，实验结果表明仿真结果非常接近理论波形，可信度较高。 [资料来源：www.THINK58.com]

关键词:逻辑无环流可逆调速;直流电机;Matlab仿真 [资料来源：THINK58.com]

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Abstract

 The direct current electric motor has the good braking quality, easy in widespread scope smooth velocity modulation, in needed in the domain which the high performance controllable electric power drove to obtain the widespread application. Direct current drives the control system in theoretically quite to be all mature with the practice in, moreover looked from the feedback closed-loop control angle, it also is the exchange drives the control system the foundation, therefore first should grasp the direct current system.
    Looked from the production machinery request control physical quantity, the electric power drives the automatic control system to have the velocity modulation system, the position servo system, the tensity control system, multi- electric motors synchronization control system and so on many kinds of types, but each kind of system often all is,thus the velocity modulation system which realizes through the control rotational speed is most basic drives the control system. In many produces in the machinery, often requests the electric motor both to be able to reverse, and can fast apply the brake, to need four quadrants movements the characteristic, this time must use the reversible velocity modulation system.

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This paper introduces the basic theory and structure of the Logic Non-loop-current DC SR System,and the calculation and design of it’s control circuit.A novel method of construction & simulation is put forward in this paper for the model of logic non-loop-current DC SR system based on Matlab Simulink & Power System Blockset. The model of synchronized 6-pulse generator & logic equipment (DLC) and the modeling of non-loop-current logic switching device are introduced，and the simulation results & models for the DC SR system are provided. Results show that the proposed model and simulation method are correct with high credibility. [资料来源：http://THINK58.com]

Keywords:logic non-loop-current speed adjustment;DC motor; Matlab simulation

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