单片机蓄电池温度检测单片机毕业设计 09

摘  要 铅酸蓄电池应用范围广泛，例如UPS、船的动力源或应急电源以及一些太阳能或风能的储备电源。为了提高蓄电池的使用寿命，保证其可靠运行，需要经常对蓄电池参数进行严格测量，以确保蓄电池组处于最佳的工作状况。以往，蓄电池参数的测量都是人工完成的。人工测量有很多的不便，为了提高测量速度和测量精度，对蓄电池参数进行自动测量显得尤为重要。而且随着对备用电源系统要求的提高，为确保系统供电的安全性，近年来在蓄电池组维护中对单体电池的温度监测愈来愈受到重视。蓄电池使用时的温度对其寿命影响很大，温度升高时，蓄电池的极板腐蚀加剧，同时将消耗更多的水，从而使电池寿命缩短，如果水损耗加剧，将使蓄电池有干涸的危险，甚至会造成蓄电池报废，且不利于环境保护和能源的充分利用。因此，对蓄电池的温度监测就显得尤为重要。传统的温度检测一般采用热敏电阻或半导体温度传感器，其测量精度低，非线性大;而铜电阻、铂电阻等温度传感器则成本较高，且均需信号放大、A/D转换、信号变送等环节，调校繁琐，稳定性差，不方便使用。本系统采用DALLAS公司推出的“一线总线”数字温度传感器DS18B20简化电路设计。 基于单片机的蓄电池温度检测系统广泛运用了计算机、自动测试、微电子和自动控制等多项技术，不仅具有信号采集方便、简单和灵活性大等优点，而且可以大幅提高被测温度的技术指标，本系统就是基于常用控制器89C51单片机和温度采集传感器DS18B20设计的蓄电池温度实时监控报警的装置。   关键字：单片机，蓄电池温度监控，DS18B20       Abstract Lead-acid battery application range, such as UPS, ship's power supply or emergency power and some solar or wind energy reserve power supply. In order to improve battery service life and ensure its reliable operation, need often to battery parameters to ensure strict measurement, battery in the best work conditions. Previously, battery parameters measurement are artificially finish. Artificially measuring a lot of inconvenience, in order to improve the measurement speed and precision of battery parameters, automatic measurement is particularly important. And with the backup power system requirements to improve, to ensure the safety of power supply system in recent years, of monomer battery in maintaining the temperature of the battery monitoring more and more attention. When the temperature of the battery service life of the impact, the temperature rises, battery plate, and will consume corrosion aggravate more liquid, making battery life shortens, if the water loss intensifies, will make the battery has dry dangerous, even can cause battery scrap, and not conducive to the protection of the environment and energy. Therefore, full use of battery temperature monitoring are particularly important. The traditional temperature testing generally USES thermistors or semiconductor temperature sensor, its low measurement precision, nonlinear big; And cupreous resistance, platinum resistor etc temperature sensor is the high cost and all needs to amplification, A/D conversion, signal 20ma such links and adjustment trival, poor stability, it is not convenient to use. The system USES the DALLAS company launched "1-wire bus" digital temperature sensor DS18B20 simplify the circuit design. Based on SCM battery temperature testing system widely used the computer, automatic test, microelectronics and automatic control etc. Several technology, not only has the signal acquisition convenient, simple and flexible, and advantages of tested temperature may significantly improve the technical indexes, this system is based on common MCU 89C51 and temperature gathering controller design battery temperature sensor DS18B20 real-time monitoring alarm device.   Key word:  microcontroller, battery temperature monitoring, DS18B20                                 目录 摘  要... 1 一、引言... 5 1.1研究蓄电池温度监控的意义... 5 1.2本课题拟解决问题；... 5 1.3本系统所要达到的技术指标和要求... 6 2、蓄电池介绍及温度对其影响... 6 2.1 温度对铅酸蓄电池极化的影响... 6 2.2 温度对电池容量的影响... 7 2.3 温度对电池内阻的影响... 9 2.4  温度对充放电的影响... 9 三、温度传感器的选择... 10 3.1 温度传感器的作用... 10 3.2 常用的温度传感器类型... 10 3.3 温度传感器的选择... 12 3.4 DS18B20 详解... 13 四、系统单元电路介绍... 18 4.1 显示电路... 18 4.2单片机最小系统：... 18 4.3 蜂鸣器报警控制电路... 19 四、系统软件设计... 20 结束语：... 21 致   谢... 22 参考文献... 23   附录一、程序... 24 附录二、系统整体电路图：... 34 [资料来源：http://think58.com]

[资料来源：http://think58.com]