认知角度下的隐喻翻译

认知角度下的隐喻翻译(7800字)

摘  要：对于隐喻的研究距今已有两千多年的历史了，但是传统的隐喻研究只是局限于修辞学领域，认为隐喻是语言的一种修饰性的附加成分，是正常语言规则的一种偏离，隐喻未得到应有的重视。随着西方哲学的语言学转向，人们对隐喻的认识不断加深。莱考夫和约翰逊的«我们赖以生存的隐喻»一书提到隐喻无所不在，这本书的出版标着这认知观隐喻研究的全面开始。在研究者看来，隐喻不再仅仅是一种语言偏离现象，更重要的是它是人类普遍的思维方式和认知手段。
本文旨在从认知的角度对翻译过程中的隐喻翻译的原则和策略进行探讨。随着人们对隐喻的认识不断加深，不同文化背景下人们在交流中不断使用隐喻，使得隐喻翻译显得越来越重要。本文把隐喻研究作为切入点，运用认知语言学理论进行隐喻翻译研究，使目的语中尽可能地体现原语中的隐喻形式及其内涵。

关键词：隐喻；认知语言学；隐喻翻译；翻译策略

On Translation of Metaphor from
the Perspective of Cognitive Linguistics
Abstract: The study of metaphor has gone through more than thousand years. The traditional method of metaphor study was confined to the field of Rhetoric, in this method, metaphor was considered as a decorative and additional part of the language, and it was a kind of abnormal use of language. Metaphor was not given the attention. With the turning of the western philosophy, people’s understanding of metaphor has been deepened. In the book metaphor we live by written by Lakoff & Johnson, the writers have proved that metaphor is a cognitive approach for the people to understand the world. The publication of this book has symbolized the beginning of metaphor study in the cognitive point of view. In the eyes of these researchers, metaphor is not only a linguistic phenomenon, more important, it is pervasive in everyday life, not just in language but in thought and action. Our ordinary conceptual system, in terms of which we both think and act, is fundamentally metaphorical in nature.

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This paper aims at finding out the principle and strategies of metaphor rendering mainly in the light of the cognitive linguistics. With the people’s understanding of metaphor deepening, metaphor is often used during the communication of people in different cultural backgrounds, then the translation of metaphor is more and more important. Based on this, the author of the paper uses cognitive linguistics theory to do the research of metaphor translation to embody the form and connotation of metaphor of the original language as much as possible in the target language.

Key words: Metaphor; Cognitive linguistics; Metaphor translation; Translation strategies
 
Introduction
Traditionally, metaphor has been studied as a figure of speech for stylistic purpose either in dialogues or writings. But modern cognitive linguists argue that metaphor, in fact; belong to a kind of cognitive phenomena of human beings. Instead of being used as a kind of ornament, it has been described as a central tool of our cognitive apparatus. It is a key point to our understanding of language, thought and discourse are structured. Historically the study of metaphor has been of much interest to scholars in a wide range of disciplines, including linguistics, psychology, philosophy and literature.