我国政府问责制度存在的问题与对策研究(硕士)

我国政府问责制度存在的问题与对策研究(硕士)(论文26000字)
摘要：作为责任政府主要实现形式的政府问责制度，其建立是我国法治进程的重要标志，是民主政治不断发展的必然要求，也是民主政体下法治政府和责任政府的一个重要实现途径。真正的问责来自制度的硬规定，其现实效能的发挥依赖于一整套细致化的制度操作环节，落实渠道和良性配套机制的建立，然而，我国政府问责制的制度文本本身以及具体实施过程仍然存在着一些问题与不足，导致了我国政府问责制运行的困难。本文对我国政府问责制的基本理论进行了探讨和研究之后，首先分析了我国政府问责制度存在的意义，加强对文本的研究有利于促进政府问责法的出台。因此将问责实践和制度文本两种情况相结合，进一步了解当前我国问责制出现的问题，完善当前体制，提出政府问责制度的改善策略，深入促进我国制度管理创新的能力。其次，分析了政府问责制度的国内外研究现状，对相关文献进行了梳理，为本文提供了丰富的研究资料。对政府问责制的实施现状和制度情况进行全面梳理与研究。对现状的深入研究得以切实地揭示了其存在的问题，主要体现在异体问责缺位、过度问责、问责客体不清以及问责范围不准确等方面的问题。通过对行政问责制度的理论研究， 结合当前我国行政问责制 度实施的现状，针对我国政府行政问责存在的问题，提出了相应的对策和建议： 完善问责主体，必须实现对行政官员责任追究机制从内部问责到外部监督的方向发展,建立和完善外部问责制，才能够加强政府问责；明晰问责对象，健全问责的法律体系，只有建立完善的问责体系，才能够使政府问责制度化，法律化；完善政府问责程序，建立合法的问责程序是加强政府问责的透明化和公开化，同时，建立完善的问责评估制度，这样对问责能够进行有效的评估，按照评估的结果进行问责，这样能够避免过度问责，希望以此促进我国政府行政问责制度走向完善。 [版权所有：http://think58.com]
关键词：政府；问责制度；对策

Abstract: Abstract: as a responsible government main realization form of government accountability system, the establishment is an important symbol of the process of our rule of law, is the inevitable requirement of democratic political development, is also a democracy under the rule of law government and responsible government an important realization ways. Real hard rules of accountability from the system, the real efficiency of the system of play to depend on a set of detailed operation link, to carry out the channels and the establishment of the benign mechanism, however, the government accountability system in our country the text itself and the concrete implementation process still exist some problems and deficiencies, led to our country administration accountability system operation difficult. In this paper, the basic theory of our country administration accountability system is discussed and the research, analyzes the significance of the existence of government accountability system in our country, strengthen the research of text is helpful to promote government accountability act. So will the accountability system of two kinds of circumstances, the combination of text and practice to further understand the current problem of accountability system in our country, perfect the current system, puts forward improvement strategy of government accountability system, further promotes our country's system of management innovation ability. Secondly, this paper analyzes the government accountability system research status at home and abroad, the paper analyzes the literature, for the research of this paper provides a rich information. And about the present situation of the implementation of the government accountability system to conduct a comprehensive carding and research. In-depth study of the status quo to actually reveals the existing problems, mainly reflected in the absence of allogeneic accountability, accountability, accountability object is not clear and the scope of accountability is not accurate, etc. Through the study of the theory of the administrative accountability system, combining with the current degree of the administrative accountability system on the implementation of the status quo, in view of the problems of government administrative accountability in our country, puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and Suggestions: perfecting the accountability main body, must implement the responsibility mechanism for administrative officials from internal accountability to the direction of external supervision, establishing and perfecting the external accountability system, to strengthen the government accountability; Clear accountability object, perfect the legal system of accountability, only by establishing perfect accountability system, can make government accountability institutionalization and legalization; Improve government accountability procedures, the establishment of legal accountability program is to strengthen the transparency of government accountability and openness, at the same time, establish and improve the accountability of evaluation system, this review of accountability can be effective, according to the results of the assessment of accountability, this can avoid excessive accountability, hoping to promote the Chinese government administrative accountability system to improve. [资料来源：http://www.THINK58.com]
Key words: the government; The accountability system; countermeasures
 
目 录
一、绪论    1
（一）研究的背景和意义    1
1.研究的背景    1
2.研究的意义    2
（二）国内外文献研究综述    3
1.国外文献综述    3
2.国内文献综述    3
（三）研究方法    4
1.研究方法    4
2.研究主要内容    4
（四）本文主要创新点    5
二、政府问责制度理论基础    5
（一）本文核心概念    5
1.行政问责制度概念    5
2.行政问责制度的构成要素    6
（二）本文的理论基础    7
1.民主政治理论    7
2.委托——代理理论    8
3．公共选择理论    9
4.法治政府理论    10
（三）我国政府问责制的基本原则    10

1.依法问责原则    10
2. 权责一致原则    10
3.公民有效参与原则    11
4. 公正性原则    11
三、我国政府问责制的现状    11
（一）我国政府问责制具体实施情况    11
1.问责制具体实践情况    11
2.问责实践的发展    12
（二）问责制情况分析    14
1. 问责依据    14
2.问责主体    14
3.问责客体    15
4.问责方式    15
（三）问责过度    15
四、我国政府问责制存在的问题    16
（一）异体问责缺位    16
（二）问责范围尚未完善    17
（三）问责力度不当    18
（四）行政问责程序不完善    19
五、完善我国政府问责制的对策和建议    19
（一）明确问责主体，强化异体问责    19
（二）拓宽行政问责范围    20
（三）强化问责力度    21
（四）完善行政问责程序    24
参考文献    27 [资料来源：THINK58.com]