毫欧姆电阻测量仪的设计应用
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密 惠 保
毫欧姆电阻测量仪的设计应用(论文9000字)
摘要
本文主要介绍了一种利用四端电阻法结合仪表放大器测量毫欧级电阻的方法。基于欧姆定律的伏安法和惠斯通电桥法是我们平时比较熟悉和会运用的测电阻的方法。但在一些高精尖领域如航空或者汽车系统等方面时，出现的待测电阻值很小乃至出现毫欧级时，以上方法均不适用，而本文则采用四端电阻法测电阻从而解决了该问题。毫欧级电阻测量仪基于四端电阻法测量、运算放大器进行信号调理放大来设计电路。实验结果表明该四端法毫欧姆测量仪的测量范围在0.001Ω一0.2000Ω、分辨率为1mΩ，简单适用且成本低。
关键词：毫欧姆电阻 四端法 运算放大器 信号调理
Design and Application of Milliehm Resistance Meter
Abstract
This paper mainly introduces a method of measuring milli-level resistance by using four-terminal resistance method combined with instrumentation amplifier. We are familiar with the measurement of resistance method is the use of Ohm's law of the voltammetry, or Wheatstone bridge test resistance. But in some high-tech areas such as aviation or automotive systems, etc., the measured resistance is small and even appear when the milli-European level, the above methods are not applicable, and this article is a four-terminal resistance method to solve the resistance The problem. The milli-level resistance meter is based on a four-terminal resistance method, and the op amp performs signal conditioning amplification to design the circuit. The experimental results show that the four-terminal milli-ohm meter has a measuring range of 0.001Ω to 0.2000Ω with a resolution of 1mΩ, which is simple and low cost.
Key Words:Milliehm resistance;Four-ended method;Operational Amplifier;Signal conditioning
目 录
摘要…………………………………………………………………………………I
ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………II
第一章 引言………………………………………………………………………1
1.1 电阻测量的方法及原理……………………………………………………1
[资料来源：THINK58.com]
1.1.1 伏安法测电阻法……………………………………………………1
1.1.2 替代法………………………………………………………………1
1.1.3惠斯通电桥测电阻法………………………………………………1
1.1.4双臂电桥测电阻法…………………………………………………2
1.2 研究测量毫欧级电阻的目的和意义………………………………………3
第二章 毫欧电阻测量仪的设计原理…………………………………………5 [资料来源：http://think58.com]
2.1四端法测量原理………………………………………………………5
2.2信号放大调理路………………………………………………………6
2.2.1运算放大器原理……………………………………………………6
2.2.2 调零电路……………………………………………………………8
2.3相关电路元件的选型选择…………………………………………………9
2.3.1仪表放大器的选择……………………………………………9 [资料来源：http://think58.com]
2.3.2OP07的应用与介绍……………………………………………12
2.3.3TL431 精密基准稳压器……………………………………………13
第三章 毫欧电阻测量仪的参数设计………………………………………17
3.1毫欧电阻测量仪电路的简略框图……………………………………17
3.2电路的各部分参数设计………………………………………………17
3.2.1 测试仪使用的电源…………………………………………………18
3.2.2 恒流源………………………………………………………………18 [资料来源：http://think58.com]
3.2.3放大调理…………………………………………………18
3.2.4四位半数字万用表的显示………………………………………19
3.3调试结果…………………………………………………………19
结语………………………………………………………………………………20
参考文献…………………………………………………………………………21
[来源：http://www.think58.com]
致谢………………………………………………………………………………23